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UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
QUESTION BANK
Concepts of Political Science
Core Course for BA Political Science
(2011 Admission)
SEMESTER II
QUESTIONS
1. “The art of looking for trouble. Finding it whether it exists or not, diagnosing it wrongly and
applying the wrong remedy” Who among the following gave the above definition of politics?
(a) Ernest Barker (b) Ernest Benn
(c) Frederick Pollock (d) David Easton
2. Who among the following pioneered the integration of the study of political science with
psychology?
(a) S.M.Lipset (b) Walter Bagehot
(c) Eric Voeghin (d) Harold Laski
3. Aristotle is rightly regarded as "the father absent in the world”
(a) Prior to him, political thinking was virtually absent in the world
(b) He combined the ‘practical’ and ‘theoretical’ facets of politics
(c) It was he who first brought to bear on political phenomena the patient
analysis and unbiased research which are the proper marks and virtues of
scientific inquiry
(d) It was he who made the first effort to grant political science the shape of a separate
academic discipline.
4. Who among the following advocated that the central idea of the political science is power?
(a) David Apter (b) Amos
(c) Max weber (d) Runciman
5. Harold Lasswell’s “Politics: Who Gets, What, when and How” discusses:
(a) Distributive justice (b) Scientific method and value-relativism
(c) Social implications of political participation
(d) Fundamentals of political participation
6. Who among the following employed a biological method in the study of politics?
(a) Lord action (b) Milton
(c) T.H Green (d) Herbert Spencer
7. The work ‘Power and Society’ is co-authored by :
(a) Greenstein, Polsby and Nelson (b) Rieselbach and Balds
(c) Girth and Mills (d) Harold Lasswell and Abraham Kaplan
8. The keynote of liberalism is _________
(a) Individual (b) Liberty
(c) Liberty of the individual (d) Personality
9. The famous ‘fourfold functional analysis’ of the social systems is made by
(a) Gabriel Almond (b) Sidney Verba
(c) James Coleman (d) Talcott Parsons
10. A scientific sociological evaluation of the state has been discussed by:
(a) Maclver in the Modern state (b) Engels in Anti-Duhring
(c) Maclver in the Web of Government
(d) Engels in The origin of the family, private property and the state
11. Jurisprudence is
(a) Law (b) History of law
(c) Anthology on law (d) Science of law
12. The work ‘Political Science: A philosophical Analysis’ is authored by:
(a) Oran Young (b) Herbert Storing
(c) Vermon van Dyke (d) Leo strauss
13. Which of the following works have nsote been authored by R.M. MacIver?
(a) The Web of Government (b) Society: its structure and changes
(c) The Modern State (d) An introduction to Politics
14. Which of the following have been authored by RobertDahl?
(a) A preface to Democratic theory
(b) Politic science – The discipline and its dimensions
(c) Modern political analysis (d) Both (a) and (c)
15. In Marxist theory, society is divided into dominant and dependent classes and the former
controls the state which is an embodiment of:
(a) Political Power (b) Economic Power
(c) Social Power (d) None of the above
16. Who opined that it was in small states that democracy first arose?
(a) Lord Bryee (b) Lord Action
(c) Lord Hewart (d) None of the above
17. The chief proponents of the theory of natural rights are
(a) John Locke and Thomas Paine (b) Lasswell and Kant
(c) Hegel and Kant (d) Durkheim and Weber
18. Which of the following theories is the one opposed to the theory of natural rights?
(a) Personality theory of rights (b) Historical theory of rights
(c) Legal theory of right (d) social expediency theory of rights
19. The historical theory of rights can be summed up in the sentence:
(a) History makes right (b) What is right is historical
(c) History of the child of right (d) History and right are antithetical
20. In connection with rights, Bentham and Mill expressly advocate the principle of utility in
opposition to :
(a) Conventions and traditions
(b) Merely following customs and appealing to the arbitrary voice of nature
(c) Law and rules (d) Principles of jurisprudence
21. One of the obvious criticisms of the social welfare theory of rights is that:
(a) It accords precedence to welfare over law
(b) Social welfare may infringe on individual rights and may lead to the
position that it is right to do a little injury to an individual in order to do a
great deal of good to the community.
(c) Social welfare is the antithesis of community’s welfare
(d) The thinking based on social welfare does not discriminate between
ideologies.
22. Who among the following laid down an elaborate defiance of personal liberty?
(a) Rawls (b) Poulantzas
(c) Robert Michels (d) John Stuar Mill
23. Civil liberty stands for :
(a) Freedom to pursure one’s desire
(b) Freedom to exercise discretion in one’s own domain
(c) Liberty to mass wealth
(d) Liberty to free action and immunity from interference
24. Who among the following held the view that liberty and equality are opposed to each other?
1.J.S Mill 2. Lord Hewart 3. De Tocqueville 4. Lord Acton
(a) Only 2 (b) Only 3 (c) 3 and 4 (d) Only 4
25. “----- Who opines that freedom exists only because there is restraint”
(a) Dicey (b) Seeley
(c) Bryce (d) Willoughby
26. “Man is free when he obey’s the law of impulse for self –perfection” – Green in the above
statement Thomas Hill Green upholds which of the following ideas of freedom?
(a) Personal freedom (b) Moral freedom
(c) National freedom (d) Constitutional freedom
27. Which of the following works are NOT authored by Harold J.Laski?
1. The Dilemma of Our Time 2. The Web of Government
3. Democracy in Crisis 3. Democracy in Crisis
28. The author of Anarchy, State and Utopia is
(a) F.A. Hayek (b) C.B. Macpherson
(c) Robert Nozick (d) Neitzsche
29. The idea of joining or fitting’ is implied in the concept of
(a) Liberty (b) Equality
(c) Property (d) Justice
30. Which of the following are the sources of law?
(a) Custom, religion, scientific commentaries adjudication, equity and
legislation
(b) Constitution, morality, religion, custom, public opinion and equity
(c) Public opinion, custom, parliament, judicature and executive
(d) Judiciary, equity, nature, religious commentaries and plebiscite
31. The main thrust of the rule of law is that:
(a) Legal ethic must take precedence over morality in the society in general
(b) Only external actions of man showed be a subject of appraisal by the state
(c) Law should be understood and applied at large in the body politic in the
sense of positive law and a specific regimen of punishments and incentive
should be brought into being
(d) Government should not be arbitrary but should be conducted through the
procedures authorized by legislation and passed in proper form; citizens
should be punished for breaches of law and for nothing else; and official
status should not protect a person from the operation of legal sanctions, if
he has broken the law
32. The idea of ‘reverse discrimination’ implies:
(a) Discriminiation in a decreasing order
(b) Equating rich and poor as in the electoral arena
(c) Bestowing favoured treatment to the hithere deprived sections
(d) Establishing institutional checks against arbitrary distinctions
33. Enriching the discourse on EQUALITY who among the following argued that Equality, after
all, is a derivative value …………… meaning thereby that it is derived from the supreme value
of the development of personality?
(a) Laski in A Grammer of Politics
(b) Benn and Peters in social Principles and the Democratic State
(c) Rousseau in Discourse on inequality
(d) Ernest Barker in principle of Social and Political Theory
34. Who among the following holds the view that right are those conditions of social life without
which man cannot be his best self?
(a) Green (b) Laski (c) Barker (d) None of the above
35. Who among the following opines that a right is a power clamined and recognized as
contributory to common good?
(a) Green (b) Laski (c) Barker (d) None of the above
36. In their essence rights are:
(a) Legal injunctions (b) Moral impreatives
(c) Conditions of law (d) Aspects of social life
37. Who among the following held the view that right is man’s capacity of influencing the acts of
another by means of the opinion and force of society?
(a) Bluntschli (b) Bodin (c) Holland (d) Locke
38. “We have a right to the means that are necessary to the development of our lives in the direction
of the highest good of the community of which we are a part” – Boasnquet .The above
statement highlights:
(a) Importance of personality
(b) Linkage between development and community
(c) An aspect of rights (d) All of the above
39. The work Law and Rights is authored by:
(a) W.E Hocking (b) L.T Hobhouse
(c) Harold Laski (d) None of the above
40. Rights are broadly divided into three categories: natural rights, moral rights and legal rights
(a) Civil rights (b) Political rights
(c) Economic rights (d) All of the above
41. Which of the following is the use to which the term ‘liberty’ can be put?
(a) Freedom from constraint, captivity or tyranny
(b) The unrestrained enjoyment of natural rights
(c) Power of free choice (d) All the above
42. The concept of liberty has developed mainly in modern times and is closely associated with the
philosophy of:
(a) Utilitarianism (b) Liberalism
(c) Individualism (d) None of the above
43. Inequality in society was supported by:
(a) Pericls (b) Plato (c) Aristotle (d) Both (b) and (c)
44. In the nineteenth century, a vigorous demand for socio –econimic equality was raised by:
(a) Working class (b) Peasantry
(c) Propertied class (d) None of the above
45. The work liberty, Equality, Fraternity is authored by:
(a) J.F. Stephen (b) J.F. Kennedy
(c) J.F. Ribero (d) None of the above
46. Legal equality implies:
(a) Equal subjection of all citizens to the law
(b) Equal protection of the law for all citizens
(c) Equal distribution of material goods to all
(d) Both (a) and (b)
47. Justice is a dynamic idea because
(a) Its realization is a continuous process
(b) Progress towards its realization depends upon the development of social
consciousness
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) The term justice suggests the quality of being just or right or reasonable
48. The earliest concept of justice in Greek thought is found to be in the writings of
(a) Pericles (b) Socrates (c) Sophists (d) Early pythagoreans
49. The concept of positive law is
(a) Roman in origin (b) Greek in origin
(c) Liberals (d) None of the above
50. Who opined that the term justice is derived from the Latin words just which embodies the idea
of joining or fitting the idea of bond or tie?
(a) Laski (b) Willoughby (c) Barker (d) Marx
51. Who has termed social consciousness is modern consciousness in the context of the
determination of the meaning of justice?
(a) Barker (b) D.D.Raphael
(c) Laski (d) Sabine
52. Legal justice is broadly applied in the context of :
(a) Justice according to law (b) Law according to justice
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Law and justice according to morality
53. Who among the following viewed that justice consisted in an efficient administration of law
and it should not be tested on some imaginary moral values?
(a) Antony Giddens (b) Alf Ross
(c) Almond (d) None of the above
54. Democratic or political participation is the hall mark of democracy and
(a) Political modernization (b) Political development
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Political communication
55. In the long run broadened participation is a variable of :
(a) Political communication (b) Social and economic modernization
(c) Cultural revolution (d) Social justice
56. The book India’s Development Experience is authored by:
(a)Manmohan Singh (b) Atul Kohli
(c) I.J.Ahluwalia (d) Tarlock Singh
57. The system which enables the majority of a constituency in Switzerland to call back their
representative from his office if they are not satisfied with his office and if they are not
satisfied with his work is:
(a) Proportional representation (b) Recall
(c) Spoil system (d) Plebiscite
58. The work ideology and Utopia is authored by:
(a) Karl Mannheim (b) S.M. Lipset
(c) Saint Simon (d) A.F. Bentley
59. Who among the following insists on the ‘mono-national state’ as a condition of successful
democracy?
(a) Thomas Hobbes (b) Hannah Arendt
(c) J.S Mill (d) Laski
60. The “iron law of oligarchy” was propounded by:
(a) James Burnham (b) Robert Michels
(c) Gaetano Mosca (d) Graham Wallas
61. He explained his view of democracy in his work ‘Political Main’. His view of democracy is
based on what he calls the competitive character of governing elites in modern democracies.
He is:
(a) Robert Dahl (b) Louis Althusser
(c) S.Martin Lipset (d) None of the above
62. Who among the following condemned democracy as “an aristocracy of black guards”?
(a) Henry Maine (b) Lord Bryce
(c) Lecky (d) Talleyrand
63. Which of the following works have been authored by C.B. Mapherson?
(a) The Life and Times of Liberal Democracy
(b) Demoractic Theory : Essay in Tetrieval
(c) The real world of democracy (d) All the above
64. Who among the following has dubbed Marxism as a totalitarian doctrine?
(a) Karl Popper (b) Isaiah Berlin
(c) Hannah Arendt (d) Both (a) and (c)
65. Democracy as an ideal can be achieved through:
(a) Political Institution
(b) Transformation of the mode of production
(c) Inclucation of new values of human equality (d) All the above
66. Which of the following is held as a transitional state in Marxian philosophy?
a) Socialist state b) Liberal democratic state
c) Fascist state d) Anarchist state
67. In the words of Woodrow Wilson, World War I was fought to make the world safe for:
a) Representative government b) Liberty
c) Democracy d) All of the above
68. Who among the following was known to have been of the view that there has been a growing
distrust and discontent with politicians and the political method evolved by parliamentary
democracy?
a) H.G Wells b) Harold Laski
c) Abraham Lincoln d) None of the above
69. Who calls democracy only an experiment in government?
a) Seeley b) Lowell c) Lincoln d) None of the above
70. A democratic state means
a) That the state is organized on democratic lines
b) That democracy is basically organization of state
c) That the community as a whole processes sovereign authority ad maintains ultimate
control over affairs
d) All of the above
71. Who described democracy as a government in which everyone has share?
a) Seeley b) Dicey c) Wiloughby d) None of the above
72. Who defines democracy as a form of government in which the government body is a
comparatively large fraction of the entire nation?
a) Lincoln b) Dicey c) Garner d) Laski
73. A democratic society is one in which
a) Government is popularly elected
b) Liberty is given the highest value
c) The spirit of equality and fratemity prevails
d) All of the above.
74. Democracy in its narrow sense means
a) Rule by the many b) A form of government
c) A type of state d) An order of society
75. Early Greek city states experimented with different forms of Government prominent among
them were:
a) Monarchy and Tyranny b) Aristocracy and Oligarchy
c) Democracy and Monarchy d) All of the above
76. As a form of government, Aristotle preferred
a) Aristocracy b) Tyranny c) Democracy d) Monarchy
77. A powerful eighteenth century advocate of direct democracy was
a) Rousseau b) Montesquieu c) Voltaire d) Doderot
78. Direct democracy was first practiced in the Greek city states. In the medieval times this type of
democracy was revived by
a) Chinese kings b) Indian states c) Italian city states
d) All of the above
79. The nearest approach that one finds to direct democracy in some modern states in the form of
a) Referendum b) Initiative c) Recall d) All of the above
80. Which of the following is the work authored by Lord Bryce?
a) Political Science and Government
b) State in Theory and Practice
c) Modern Democracies
d) Democratic Government
81. Which of the following countries practice direct democracy in modern times?
a) Greece b) Forest Cantons of Switzerland
c) German Lander d) Both (b) and (c)
82. The time old classification of government into monarchy, aristocracy and democracy does not
have much value today because:
a) Information revolution has brought about a change in political understanding of the
people.
b) Most governments at present are of a mixed type
c) Characteristics of government keep on changing from age to age
d) All of the above
83. Who remarked that all governments are in fact aristocracies , in the sense that they are carried
on by a relatively small number of persons
a) Mosca b) Pareto
b) Durkheim d) Bryce
84. Who among the following scholars authored the work-Mind and society?
a) Edward Tufte b) Pareto
c) Gaetano Mosca e) None of the above
85. Who among the following opinion that life is a “perpetual and restless desire for power after
power which ceases only in death”?
a) Aristotle b) Bietzsche
c) Hobbes d) Lasswell
86. Who among the following is one of the advocates of the power theory in politics ?
a) Catlin b) Kaplan
c) Lasswell d) All of the above
87. Who founded the structural functional school in political science ?
a) Apter b) Coleman
c) Plato d) Both (a) and (b)
88. Political socialization is the process of induction into the political culture and the psychological
dimension of the
a) Socio economic system
b) Political system
c) Economic System
d) Social system
89. Who defines the political system as the “institutions, processes and interactions through which
values are authoritatively allocated in a society?
a) Almond b) Easton
c) Apter d) Pye
90. Who wrote the book “In Defence of politics?
a) Stephen Wasby b) Pareto
b) Mosca d) Bernard Crick
91. Who said that politics is concerned with the authoritative ‘allocation of values’ for a society?
a) B. Miller b) David Easton
c) Alan Ball d) Ernest Benn
92. Which of the following is one of the traditionally recognized organs of power in a state?
a) Legislature b) Executive
c) Judiciary d) All of the above
93. The ‘power theory’ finds its brilliant manifestation in the political philosophy of
a) Locke b) Hobbes
c) Mill d) Rousseau
94. Which of the following are not the basic of the authority of society?
a) Social customs b) Conventions
c) Laws d) Moral pressure
95. The subject that deals with man in relation to the State and Government is called
a) Economics b) History c) Political Science d) Psychology
96. ________________is the central subject of the study of political science.
a) Population b) State c) Behaviour d) Mass Communication
97. Who defines Political Science as that part of social science which treats the foundations of the
State and the principles of Government?
a) Prof.Harold Laski b) Lasswell c) Garner d) Paul Janet
98. Bluntschli restricted the scope of Political Science to
a) The study of government and politics
b) The study of State and Government
c) The study of Government
d) The study of State
99. Prof. Harold Laski emphasized the scope of Political Science to include the study of
a) State and sovereignty b) Government and politics
c) State and Government d) Government only
100. Who said that State comes into existence originating in the bare needs of life of man and
continuing in existence for the sake of good life?
a) Plato b) Socrates c) Aristotle d) Montesqueau
101. _______________is the most important agency of the State
a) Press b) Judiciary c) Sovereignty d) Government
102. The concept of ‘politics’ originated in ancient
a) Athens b) Sparta c) Greece d) Spain
103. Politics is a struggle for power on three levels
a) Society, state and family b) State, inter-state and intra-state
c) Family, society and political groups
d) Nation, state and districts
104. David Easton defined politics as authoritative allocation of
a) Power b) Influences c) Interests d) Values
105. A policy is authoritative when there __________to the authority
a) Willing compliance b) Forceful compliance
c) Resistance d) None of the above
106. The central idea of sovereignty is
a) Power b) Law c) Authority d) Legitimacy
107. Rule of Law is a concept that denotes a principle of governance requiring which of the
following conditions to be fulfilled?
a) Laws of the land should be properly notified so that the citizens known as to how it will
affect them.
b) Laws should be ‘general’ in form so that they are uniformly applicable to all the citizens
c) No law should be applicable with retrospective effect
d) All of the above
108. The main characteristics of a civil society are organization, interaction, communication and
a) Friendship b) Interdependence c) Solidarity d) Goodwill
109. Who among the following defined democracy as “the government of the people, for the
peop0le and by the people”?
a) Maclver b) Aristotle c) Abraham Lincoln d) Napoleon
110. Which of the following is not a method of democratic participation?
a) Voting b) Campaigning in the election
c) Contesting the election d) Listening the election speeches
111. The success of democracy depends upon
a) Popular education
b) Faith in certain fundamental democratic principles
c) Social equality d) All of the above
112. Who wrote the book Considerations on Representative Government?
a) Hobbes b) Locke c) Rousseau d) J.S. Mill
113. Which of the following is a permanent feature of a representative form of government?
a) Voting b) Decision-making c) Military force d) None of the above
114. Contribute towards the success of democracy?
a) Education b) Participation c) Political parties d) Overpopulation
115. Hobbes idea of civil society is the area where in the liberty of the subject lies in
a) The liberty to buy and sell and otherwise contract with one another
b) The liberty to choose their own abode
c) The liberty to choose their own trade of life
d) All of the above
116. According to the classical liberal theorists
a) State is a social agency b) State is a political agency
c) State is a neutral body d) State is an agent of economic upliftment
117. According to the liberal theory, the individual can find freedom by
a) Obedience to the State b) Voluntary choice of activities
c) Resistance to the authority d) Going against the law
118. Who said “Rights, in fact, are those conditions of social life without which no man seek, in
general to be his best”?
a) Maclver b) Laski c) Hegel d) Kant
119. T.H Green defines rights as
a) “A power of acting for one’s own ends…secured to an individual by the community
on the supposition that he contributes to the good of the community.”
b) “An interest recognized and protected by the rule of law…an interest the violation of
which would be a legal wrong and respect for which is a legal duty”
c) A right is a claim recognized by the society and enforced by the State
d) Both (b) and (c)
120. Which of the following statement is true?
a) No rights can be given to the man against the social interest
b) Grant of rights is not concerned with social interest
c) Rights can have anti-social character
d) None of the above
121. According to _________”Life is not merely living but living well”
a) St. Augustine b) Plato c) Aristotle d) Socrates
122. In the words of Laski
a) State is not known by the rights of the State
b) State is known to crate rights
c) State is known by moral rights
d) State is known by the rights it maintains
123. Pick out the incorrect statement
a) Every right is restricted by social interest
b) Rights are given to the individual living in a society
c) The basis for judging rights is their capacity for serving the individual and social
interest
d) All the above
124. The statement “Men are born and always continue free and equal in respect of their rights is
associated with
a) U.N Character of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.
b) French Declaration of Rights of Man, 1789
c) American Declaration of Rights
d) None of the above
125. According to ___________”A right is a claim recognized by society and enforced by the
State”
a) Barker b) Bosanquet
c) Hobbes d) Laski
126. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Rights?
a) The society gives recognition to only those rights which are for the welfare of the
society as a whole and which promote some common and moral good.
b) The state does not create rights though they exist within the state
c) Without society, there can be no rights
d) Rights are not universal i.,e they are privileges
127. Which of the following is correct?
a) My right is not your duty and your right is my duty
b) My right is your duty and your right is mu duty
c) Right and duties are not the two sides of the same coin
d) Every right does not have a corresponding obligation
128. Which of the following rights were considered important during middle ages?
a) Right of life
b) Right of education
c) Right of properly
d) And (c)
129. In the words of _________in his book Principles of social political Obligation, “Right are the
external conditions necessary for the greatest possible development for the greatest possible
development of the capacities of the personality”
a) Laski b) Barker
c) Bosanquet d) Lindsay
130. By fundamental rights we mean,
a) Right’s guaranteed by the constitution
b) Rights guaranteed by the monarch
c) Rights followed by duties
d) None of the above
131. Which of the following statements refers of Civil Rights?
a) These are the elementary conditions of good political life
b) These are the elementary conditions of good social life and with out them civilized life is
not possible
c) Civil Rights are those rights which are denied to the aliens
d) These are elementary conditions of good religious life
132. The political Rights granted by the state enable a citizen to
a) Participate in the administration of the state
b) Lead good religious life
c) Preach politics
d) Meddle in affairs of Government
133. Which of the following is not a Theory of Rights?
a) Legal theory of Rights
b) Historical theory of Rights
c) Divine Rights of King
d) Social welfare theory of rights,
134. _________is the earliest theory of rights
a) Liberal individualist theory of Natural Rights
b) Legal theory
c) Welfare theory
d) None of the above
135. Locke is the supporter of
a) Theory of Natural rights
b) Historical theory of rights
c) Legal theory of rights
d) None of the above
136. Which of the following statements is not associated with natural theory of rights?
a) Rights inherent in man
b) Rights are absolute
c) Rights are pre-civil and according to some political thinkers they are also pre-social
d) Rights are alienable
137. Who among the following supported the theory of Natural Rights ?
a) Locke
b) Hobbes
c) Thomas Paine
d) All the above
138. ___________believes that the one fundamental right of all men is the right to equal freedom,
according to which, every man is free to do that the will, provided he infringes not the equal
freedom of others
a) Herbert Spencer
b) John Locke
c) Hobbes
d) None of the above
139. According to _____________one’s natural rights are ones natural powers
a) John Locke
b) Hobbes
c) Mill
d) Thomas paine
140. Who among the following propounded the legal theory of rights?
a) Hobbes b) Locke
c) Ritche d) Roussau
141. In the opinion of Laski
a) Holds are created by the State
b) Rights are prior to the state
c) They are not recognized by the State
d) Both (a) and b)
142. Which of the following is an essential conditions for safeguarding rights of the individuals?
I. Decentralisation of authority
II. Existence of Consultative bodies
III. Existence of supreme court
IV. Non-interference by the state in the internal affairs of associations
a) Only I and II
b) Only II and III
c) Only II,III and IV
d) Only I,II and IV
143. A bill of Rights is
a) A declaration of fundamental rights
b) An economic terms
c) A business term
d) A constitutional term
144. Which of the following countries was the first to include a Bill of Rights?
a) America
b) India
c) Sweden
d) None of the above
145. ________is not a Civil Right
a) Right of life
b) Right to Liberty
c) Right to Education
d) Right to vote
146. Which one of the following is not a political right?
a) Right to public Office
b) Right to Petition
c) Right to Education
d) Right to contest Election
147. Which of the following is a Civil Right?
a) Right to freedom of speech and expression
b) Right to vote
c) Right to become a member of parliament
d) Right to Association
e) Right to contract
148. The right to elect Member of parliament is a
a) Political right
b) Social right
c) Religious right
d) Moral right
149. __________has granted the Fundamental rights to the citizens of India
a) Parliament
b) Constitution of India
c) A government of Order
d) A Special Law
150. ________was the first political thinker to advocate communism of property.
a) Marx b) Lenin
c) Plato d) Engels
151. According to ___________”Every man is tree to do that which he wills , provided he does not
infringe the equal freedom of any other man”.
a)Laski b) Spencer
c) J.S Mill d) Green
152. Who said , “By liberty is understood…absence of external impediments, which impediments
may often take part of man’s power to do what he would do”
a) Hobbes b) Laski
c) Mill d) Locke
153. Who among the following deemed liberty as living life to the fullest.
a) Macpherson
b) Hegel
c) Kant
d) Green
154. Who among the following philosophers considers liberty as Obedience to Law?
a) Hegel b) Kant
c) Spencer d) Green
155. The word liberty is derived from the word liber of
a) Greek language
b) French language
c) German language
d) Latin language
156. The word liber means
a) Licence b) Free
c) Restricted d) Obstruction
157. What is the literal meaning of liberty?
a) Absence of restraint
b) Restraint
c) Freedom with certain limitations
d) Positive freedom
158. Who said.” Liberty is the freedom of every individual to express, without external hindrance
to his personality?
a) Green b) G.D.H Cole
c) Kant d) Hegel
159. Which of the following is not a form of liberty?
a) Natural liberty
b) Civil liberty
c) Political Liberty
d) Economic liberty
e) None of the above
160. Natural liberty is generally identified with
a) Restricted freedom
b) Limited freedom
c) Unlimited and unrestricted freedom
d) None of the above
161. Natural liberty implies
a) Liberty enjoyed by man in the imaginary state of nature when civil society did not exist
b) The liberty which man enjoys in the society
c) The liberty which man enjoys in the state
d) Absence of any type of liberty
162. _________was the chief exponent of the concept of natural liberty
a) Rousseau b) Hobbes
c) Locke d) Austin
163. According to ___”Civil liberty consists of right and privileges which the State creates
and protects for its subjects.
a) Gettell b) Gilchrist
c) Laski d) Montesquieu
164. Which among the following is not civil liberty?
a) Right to equality before law.
b) Right to freedom of speech ad expression
c) Right to vote
d) Freedom of the person
165. Who among the following said “Liberty means to grow to one’s natural height to develop
one’s abilities?
a) Burns b) Gettell
c) Locke d) Rousseau
166. Who among the following said ‘Political liberty is the power to be active in the affairs of the
state’?
a) Hobbes b) Laski
c) Gilchrist d) Gettell
167. Laski holds that two conditions are essential to make political liberty real
a) Equality and property
b) Equal access to education, honest and free press
c) Civil liberty and Economic liberty
d) Religious and Civil liberty
168. ___________stated ‘Where there is no law, there is no freedom”,
a) Hobbes b) Rousseau
c) Laski d) Max Weber e) Locke
169. The positive view of liberty was first put forward by
a) Ideals thinkers like Kant, Hegel, Fichte
b) Idealist thinkers like Laski, Kant etc.
c) Classical thinkers like Adam Smith
d) Utilitarian thinkers like Bentham, Mill etc.
170. C.B Macpherson has discussed his view on liberty in his book
a) Grammar of politics
b) Democratic theory
c) On liberty
d) Concepts of liberty
171. Who among the following regards positive liberty as developmental liberty?
a) Laski b) Macpherson
c) Weber d) Maclver
172. ‘Freedom is a product of free society’ means
a) It is free society that man has the opportunity to develops his real self.
b) True freedom is conceivable with out a free society
c) Freedom from exploitation
d) None of the above
173. Which of the following philosophers said, “nature hath made men equal”?
a) Plato b) Hobbes
c) Aristotle d) Machiavelli
174.Who stated, equality implied equality of estimations , i.e all human beings were equal in their
ultimate value”.
a) Bryce b) Laski
c) Sartori d) Rousseau
175. Who among the following said: There can be no identity of treatment and identity of reward so
long as men differ in their needs and capacities?
a) Aristotle b) Hobbes
c) Laski d) Locke
176. Who stated: there cannot a liberty without rights because without rights men are the subject of
laws unrelated to the needs of personality?
a) Laski b) Aristotle
c) Barker d) Action
177. Who among the following stated. “We want to abolish classes and in this sense we are for
equality”
a) Marx b) Lenin
c) Engels d) Laski
178. The term justice is derived from latin word
a) Justicia
b) Justa
c) Justitia
d) None of the above
179. The concept of Greek justice was
a) Legal b) Moral
c) Social d) Political
180. Roman view of justice was based on the conception of Just gentium, i.e
a) Law of the people
b) Law of the God
c) Law of the King
d) Law of the Land
181. Rule of law is not followed in
a) Britain
b) United State of America
c) France
d) India
e) (b), (c) and (d)
182 Which of the following countries follows Administrative Law?
a) France
b) Britain
c) United State of America
d) India
183. The essential principle of modern justice is
a) Judges should be part of executive
b) There should be independence of judiciary
c) The judges should be under the control of the Head of the State
d) The judges should be under the control of the electorate
184. What is meant by social justice?
a) All should have the same political rights
b) All should have the same economic rights
c) All kinds of discrimination and privileges based on castes, colour, creed , sex, etc should
be eliminated
d) All should be granted the right to freedom of religion
185. What is meant by Economic justice
a) The state should follow the theory of free trade policy
b) State should not protect the economically weaker section of society
c) The state should eliminate social discrimination
d) The basic needs regarding food, clothing and shelter of every citizen are met.
186. Who among the following said, “In justice arises as much from treating unequals equally as
from treating equals unequally”?.
a) Aristotle b) Plato
c) Machiaveli d) Marx
187. The origin of democracy can be traced to
a) Ancient Greek city-states
b) Medieval Age
c) Feudalism
d) Ancient India
188. Who among the following was a great supporter of direct democracy?
a) Hobbies b) Rousseau
c) Locke d) Laski
189. Which of the following countries has a representative democracy?
a) Afghanistan
b) Saudi Arabia
c) India
d) Egypt
190. Who among the following, “Public opinion is the opinion held by the majority and passively
acquiesced in by the minority”?
a) G.D.H Cole
b) Lowell
c) Roucek
d) Morris Ginsburg
191. Public opinion plays a significant role in
a) Democracy
b) Monarchy
c) Military Rule
d) None of the above
192. Ina democracy, the government cares for the public opinion because
a) Public opinion is always right
b) Public opinion is very powerful
c) The people are the best judges of the government
d) None of the above
193. Which of the following is very harmful for the formation of a healthy public opinion?
a) Yellow Journalism
b) Journalism
c) Media
d) Radio
194. Which of the following acts as an obstacle in the formation of public opinion?
a) Newspapers
b) Over population
c) Free Press
d) Illiteracy
195. Which of the following contribute to the formation of the public opinion?
a) Press
b) Political Parties
c) Legislature
d) All the above
196. How can the press help in the formation of public opinion?
a) By spreading communal feelings
b) By publishing sensational news
c) By Publishing impartial and correct news and facts
d) By publishing partial news and facts
197. The political parties help the formation of the public opinion by
a) Asking the people to vote for them
b) Enlightening the people about the social, economic and political problems faced by the
country.
c) Instigating their selfish ends
198. The legislature also influence the public opinion by
a) Passing a laws to favour public opinion
b) Giving concession to certain sections of the society
c) Discussing the various burning problems faced by the people and the country threadbare
d) Passing a vote of no-confidence against the council of ministers
199. Which of the following statements is correct?
a) The Radio and television influence the public opinion through their entertainment
programmes
b) The Radio and Television influence the public opinion through their commercial
programme
c) The Radio and television influence the public opinion by disseminating the latest news and
views concerning the national and international happenings.
d) None of the above
200. Public platforms help a great deal in the formation of public opinion, because
a) The speakers can attract the audience by their oratory
b) The people get the opportunity to know the view of different speakers on the current
problems
c) The people can see their leaders
d) The speakers can advance the ideology of their parties
**************
Answer Key
1. b
2. b
3. c
4. c
5. b
6. d
7. d
8. b
9. d
10. d
11. d
12. c
13. d
14. d
15. a
16. a
17. a
18. c
19. a
20. b
21. b
22. d
23. d
24. c
25. d
26. b
27. c
28. c
29. a
30. a
31. d
32. c
33. d
34. b
35. a
36. d
37. c
38. c
39. a
40. d
41. d
42. c
43. d
44. a
45. a
46. d
47. c
48. d
49. a
50. c
51. b
52. c
53. b
54. c
55. b
56. d
57. b
58. a
59. c
60. b
61. c
62. d
63. d
64. d
65. d
66. a
67. c
68. a
69. b
70. c
71. a
72. b
73. c
74. a
75. d
76. c
77. a
78. c
79. d
80. c
81. b
82. b
83. d
84. b
85. b
86. d
87. d
88. b
89. b
90. d
91. b
92. c
93. d
94. d
95. c
96. b
97. d
98. d
99. c
100. c
101. d
102. c
103. b
104. d
105. a
106. b
107. d
108. c
109. c
110. d
111. d
112. d
113. a
114. d
115. d
116. b
117. b
118. b
119. a
120. a
121. c
122. d
123. d
124. b
125. b
126. d
127. b
128. d
129. b
130. a
131. b
132. a
133. c
134. a
135. a
136. d
137. a
138. a
139. b
140. a
141. b
142. d
143. a
144. c
145. d
146. c
147. a
148. a
149. b
150. c
151. b
152. a
153. a
154. a
155. d
156. b
157. a
158. b
159. e
160. a
161. c
162. a
163. a
164. c
165. a
166. b
167. b
168. e
169. a
170. b
171. b
172. a
173. b
174. a
175. c
176. c
177. b
178. c
179. b
180. a
181. c
182. a
183. b
184. c
185. d
186. a
187. a
188. a
189. c
190. b
191. a
192. c
193. a
194. d
195. d
196. b
197. c
198. b
199. c
200. c
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
QUESTION BANK
Concepts of Political Science
Core Course for BA Political Science
(2011 Admission)
SEMESTER II
QUESTIONS
1. “The art of looking for trouble. Finding it whether it exists or not, diagnosing it wrongly and
applying the wrong remedy” Who among the following gave the above definition of politics?
(a) Ernest Barker (b) Ernest Benn
(c) Frederick Pollock (d) David Easton
2. Who among the following pioneered the integration of the study of political science with
psychology?
(a) S.M.Lipset (b) Walter Bagehot
(c) Eric Voeghin (d) Harold Laski
3. Aristotle is rightly regarded as "the father absent in the world”
(a) Prior to him, political thinking was virtually absent in the world
(b) He combined the ‘practical’ and ‘theoretical’ facets of politics
(c) It was he who first brought to bear on political phenomena the patient
analysis and unbiased research which are the proper marks and virtues of
scientific inquiry
(d) It was he who made the first effort to grant political science the shape of a separate
academic discipline.
4. Who among the following advocated that the central idea of the political science is power?
(a) David Apter (b) Amos
(c) Max weber (d) Runciman
5. Harold Lasswell’s “Politics: Who Gets, What, when and How” discusses:
(a) Distributive justice (b) Scientific method and value-relativism
(c) Social implications of political participation
(d) Fundamentals of political participation
6. Who among the following employed a biological method in the study of politics?
(a) Lord action (b) Milton
(c) T.H Green (d) Herbert Spencer
7. The work ‘Power and Society’ is co-authored by :
(a) Greenstein, Polsby and Nelson (b) Rieselbach and Balds
(c) Girth and Mills (d) Harold Lasswell and Abraham Kaplan
8. The keynote of liberalism is _________
(a) Individual (b) Liberty
(c) Liberty of the individual (d) Personality
9. The famous ‘fourfold functional analysis’ of the social systems is made by
(a) Gabriel Almond (b) Sidney Verba
(c) James Coleman (d) Talcott Parsons
10. A scientific sociological evaluation of the state has been discussed by:
(a) Maclver in the Modern state (b) Engels in Anti-Duhring
(c) Maclver in the Web of Government
(d) Engels in The origin of the family, private property and the state
11. Jurisprudence is
(a) Law (b) History of law
(c) Anthology on law (d) Science of law
12. The work ‘Political Science: A philosophical Analysis’ is authored by:
(a) Oran Young (b) Herbert Storing
(c) Vermon van Dyke (d) Leo strauss
13. Which of the following works have nsote been authored by R.M. MacIver?
(a) The Web of Government (b) Society: its structure and changes
(c) The Modern State (d) An introduction to Politics
14. Which of the following have been authored by RobertDahl?
(a) A preface to Democratic theory
(b) Politic science – The discipline and its dimensions
(c) Modern political analysis (d) Both (a) and (c)
15. In Marxist theory, society is divided into dominant and dependent classes and the former
controls the state which is an embodiment of:
(a) Political Power (b) Economic Power
(c) Social Power (d) None of the above
16. Who opined that it was in small states that democracy first arose?
(a) Lord Bryee (b) Lord Action
(c) Lord Hewart (d) None of the above
17. The chief proponents of the theory of natural rights are
(a) John Locke and Thomas Paine (b) Lasswell and Kant
(c) Hegel and Kant (d) Durkheim and Weber
18. Which of the following theories is the one opposed to the theory of natural rights?
(a) Personality theory of rights (b) Historical theory of rights
(c) Legal theory of right (d) social expediency theory of rights
19. The historical theory of rights can be summed up in the sentence:
(a) History makes right (b) What is right is historical
(c) History of the child of right (d) History and right are antithetical
20. In connection with rights, Bentham and Mill expressly advocate the principle of utility in
opposition to :
(a) Conventions and traditions
(b) Merely following customs and appealing to the arbitrary voice of nature
(c) Law and rules (d) Principles of jurisprudence
21. One of the obvious criticisms of the social welfare theory of rights is that:
(a) It accords precedence to welfare over law
(b) Social welfare may infringe on individual rights and may lead to the
position that it is right to do a little injury to an individual in order to do a
great deal of good to the community.
(c) Social welfare is the antithesis of community’s welfare
(d) The thinking based on social welfare does not discriminate between
ideologies.
22. Who among the following laid down an elaborate defiance of personal liberty?
(a) Rawls (b) Poulantzas
(c) Robert Michels (d) John Stuar Mill
23. Civil liberty stands for :
(a) Freedom to pursure one’s desire
(b) Freedom to exercise discretion in one’s own domain
(c) Liberty to mass wealth
(d) Liberty to free action and immunity from interference
24. Who among the following held the view that liberty and equality are opposed to each other?
1.J.S Mill 2. Lord Hewart 3. De Tocqueville 4. Lord Acton
(a) Only 2 (b) Only 3 (c) 3 and 4 (d) Only 4
25. “----- Who opines that freedom exists only because there is restraint”
(a) Dicey (b) Seeley
(c) Bryce (d) Willoughby
26. “Man is free when he obey’s the law of impulse for self –perfection” – Green in the above
statement Thomas Hill Green upholds which of the following ideas of freedom?
(a) Personal freedom (b) Moral freedom
(c) National freedom (d) Constitutional freedom
27. Which of the following works are NOT authored by Harold J.Laski?
1. The Dilemma of Our Time 2. The Web of Government
3. Democracy in Crisis 3. Democracy in Crisis
28. The author of Anarchy, State and Utopia is
(a) F.A. Hayek (b) C.B. Macpherson
(c) Robert Nozick (d) Neitzsche
29. The idea of joining or fitting’ is implied in the concept of
(a) Liberty (b) Equality
(c) Property (d) Justice
30. Which of the following are the sources of law?
(a) Custom, religion, scientific commentaries adjudication, equity and
legislation
(b) Constitution, morality, religion, custom, public opinion and equity
(c) Public opinion, custom, parliament, judicature and executive
(d) Judiciary, equity, nature, religious commentaries and plebiscite
31. The main thrust of the rule of law is that:
(a) Legal ethic must take precedence over morality in the society in general
(b) Only external actions of man showed be a subject of appraisal by the state
(c) Law should be understood and applied at large in the body politic in the
sense of positive law and a specific regimen of punishments and incentive
should be brought into being
(d) Government should not be arbitrary but should be conducted through the
procedures authorized by legislation and passed in proper form; citizens
should be punished for breaches of law and for nothing else; and official
status should not protect a person from the operation of legal sanctions, if
he has broken the law
32. The idea of ‘reverse discrimination’ implies:
(a) Discriminiation in a decreasing order
(b) Equating rich and poor as in the electoral arena
(c) Bestowing favoured treatment to the hithere deprived sections
(d) Establishing institutional checks against arbitrary distinctions
33. Enriching the discourse on EQUALITY who among the following argued that Equality, after
all, is a derivative value …………… meaning thereby that it is derived from the supreme value
of the development of personality?
(a) Laski in A Grammer of Politics
(b) Benn and Peters in social Principles and the Democratic State
(c) Rousseau in Discourse on inequality
(d) Ernest Barker in principle of Social and Political Theory
34. Who among the following holds the view that right are those conditions of social life without
which man cannot be his best self?
(a) Green (b) Laski (c) Barker (d) None of the above
35. Who among the following opines that a right is a power clamined and recognized as
contributory to common good?
(a) Green (b) Laski (c) Barker (d) None of the above
36. In their essence rights are:
(a) Legal injunctions (b) Moral impreatives
(c) Conditions of law (d) Aspects of social life
37. Who among the following held the view that right is man’s capacity of influencing the acts of
another by means of the opinion and force of society?
(a) Bluntschli (b) Bodin (c) Holland (d) Locke
38. “We have a right to the means that are necessary to the development of our lives in the direction
of the highest good of the community of which we are a part” – Boasnquet .The above
statement highlights:
(a) Importance of personality
(b) Linkage between development and community
(c) An aspect of rights (d) All of the above
39. The work Law and Rights is authored by:
(a) W.E Hocking (b) L.T Hobhouse
(c) Harold Laski (d) None of the above
40. Rights are broadly divided into three categories: natural rights, moral rights and legal rights
(a) Civil rights (b) Political rights
(c) Economic rights (d) All of the above
41. Which of the following is the use to which the term ‘liberty’ can be put?
(a) Freedom from constraint, captivity or tyranny
(b) The unrestrained enjoyment of natural rights
(c) Power of free choice (d) All the above
42. The concept of liberty has developed mainly in modern times and is closely associated with the
philosophy of:
(a) Utilitarianism (b) Liberalism
(c) Individualism (d) None of the above
43. Inequality in society was supported by:
(a) Pericls (b) Plato (c) Aristotle (d) Both (b) and (c)
44. In the nineteenth century, a vigorous demand for socio –econimic equality was raised by:
(a) Working class (b) Peasantry
(c) Propertied class (d) None of the above
45. The work liberty, Equality, Fraternity is authored by:
(a) J.F. Stephen (b) J.F. Kennedy
(c) J.F. Ribero (d) None of the above
46. Legal equality implies:
(a) Equal subjection of all citizens to the law
(b) Equal protection of the law for all citizens
(c) Equal distribution of material goods to all
(d) Both (a) and (b)
47. Justice is a dynamic idea because
(a) Its realization is a continuous process
(b) Progress towards its realization depends upon the development of social
consciousness
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) The term justice suggests the quality of being just or right or reasonable
48. The earliest concept of justice in Greek thought is found to be in the writings of
(a) Pericles (b) Socrates (c) Sophists (d) Early pythagoreans
49. The concept of positive law is
(a) Roman in origin (b) Greek in origin
(c) Liberals (d) None of the above
50. Who opined that the term justice is derived from the Latin words just which embodies the idea
of joining or fitting the idea of bond or tie?
(a) Laski (b) Willoughby (c) Barker (d) Marx
51. Who has termed social consciousness is modern consciousness in the context of the
determination of the meaning of justice?
(a) Barker (b) D.D.Raphael
(c) Laski (d) Sabine
52. Legal justice is broadly applied in the context of :
(a) Justice according to law (b) Law according to justice
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Law and justice according to morality
53. Who among the following viewed that justice consisted in an efficient administration of law
and it should not be tested on some imaginary moral values?
(a) Antony Giddens (b) Alf Ross
(c) Almond (d) None of the above
54. Democratic or political participation is the hall mark of democracy and
(a) Political modernization (b) Political development
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Political communication
55. In the long run broadened participation is a variable of :
(a) Political communication (b) Social and economic modernization
(c) Cultural revolution (d) Social justice
56. The book India’s Development Experience is authored by:
(a)Manmohan Singh (b) Atul Kohli
(c) I.J.Ahluwalia (d) Tarlock Singh
57. The system which enables the majority of a constituency in Switzerland to call back their
representative from his office if they are not satisfied with his office and if they are not
satisfied with his work is:
(a) Proportional representation (b) Recall
(c) Spoil system (d) Plebiscite
58. The work ideology and Utopia is authored by:
(a) Karl Mannheim (b) S.M. Lipset
(c) Saint Simon (d) A.F. Bentley
59. Who among the following insists on the ‘mono-national state’ as a condition of successful
democracy?
(a) Thomas Hobbes (b) Hannah Arendt
(c) J.S Mill (d) Laski
60. The “iron law of oligarchy” was propounded by:
(a) James Burnham (b) Robert Michels
(c) Gaetano Mosca (d) Graham Wallas
61. He explained his view of democracy in his work ‘Political Main’. His view of democracy is
based on what he calls the competitive character of governing elites in modern democracies.
He is:
(a) Robert Dahl (b) Louis Althusser
(c) S.Martin Lipset (d) None of the above
62. Who among the following condemned democracy as “an aristocracy of black guards”?
(a) Henry Maine (b) Lord Bryce
(c) Lecky (d) Talleyrand
63. Which of the following works have been authored by C.B. Mapherson?
(a) The Life and Times of Liberal Democracy
(b) Demoractic Theory : Essay in Tetrieval
(c) The real world of democracy (d) All the above
64. Who among the following has dubbed Marxism as a totalitarian doctrine?
(a) Karl Popper (b) Isaiah Berlin
(c) Hannah Arendt (d) Both (a) and (c)
65. Democracy as an ideal can be achieved through:
(a) Political Institution
(b) Transformation of the mode of production
(c) Inclucation of new values of human equality (d) All the above
66. Which of the following is held as a transitional state in Marxian philosophy?
a) Socialist state b) Liberal democratic state
c) Fascist state d) Anarchist state
67. In the words of Woodrow Wilson, World War I was fought to make the world safe for:
a) Representative government b) Liberty
c) Democracy d) All of the above
68. Who among the following was known to have been of the view that there has been a growing
distrust and discontent with politicians and the political method evolved by parliamentary
democracy?
a) H.G Wells b) Harold Laski
c) Abraham Lincoln d) None of the above
69. Who calls democracy only an experiment in government?
a) Seeley b) Lowell c) Lincoln d) None of the above
70. A democratic state means
a) That the state is organized on democratic lines
b) That democracy is basically organization of state
c) That the community as a whole processes sovereign authority ad maintains ultimate
control over affairs
d) All of the above
71. Who described democracy as a government in which everyone has share?
a) Seeley b) Dicey c) Wiloughby d) None of the above
72. Who defines democracy as a form of government in which the government body is a
comparatively large fraction of the entire nation?
a) Lincoln b) Dicey c) Garner d) Laski
73. A democratic society is one in which
a) Government is popularly elected
b) Liberty is given the highest value
c) The spirit of equality and fratemity prevails
d) All of the above.
74. Democracy in its narrow sense means
a) Rule by the many b) A form of government
c) A type of state d) An order of society
75. Early Greek city states experimented with different forms of Government prominent among
them were:
a) Monarchy and Tyranny b) Aristocracy and Oligarchy
c) Democracy and Monarchy d) All of the above
76. As a form of government, Aristotle preferred
a) Aristocracy b) Tyranny c) Democracy d) Monarchy
77. A powerful eighteenth century advocate of direct democracy was
a) Rousseau b) Montesquieu c) Voltaire d) Doderot
78. Direct democracy was first practiced in the Greek city states. In the medieval times this type of
democracy was revived by
a) Chinese kings b) Indian states c) Italian city states
d) All of the above
79. The nearest approach that one finds to direct democracy in some modern states in the form of
a) Referendum b) Initiative c) Recall d) All of the above
80. Which of the following is the work authored by Lord Bryce?
a) Political Science and Government
b) State in Theory and Practice
c) Modern Democracies
d) Democratic Government
81. Which of the following countries practice direct democracy in modern times?
a) Greece b) Forest Cantons of Switzerland
c) German Lander d) Both (b) and (c)
82. The time old classification of government into monarchy, aristocracy and democracy does not
have much value today because:
a) Information revolution has brought about a change in political understanding of the
people.
b) Most governments at present are of a mixed type
c) Characteristics of government keep on changing from age to age
d) All of the above
83. Who remarked that all governments are in fact aristocracies , in the sense that they are carried
on by a relatively small number of persons
a) Mosca b) Pareto
b) Durkheim d) Bryce
84. Who among the following scholars authored the work-Mind and society?
a) Edward Tufte b) Pareto
c) Gaetano Mosca e) None of the above
85. Who among the following opinion that life is a “perpetual and restless desire for power after
power which ceases only in death”?
a) Aristotle b) Bietzsche
c) Hobbes d) Lasswell
86. Who among the following is one of the advocates of the power theory in politics ?
a) Catlin b) Kaplan
c) Lasswell d) All of the above
87. Who founded the structural functional school in political science ?
a) Apter b) Coleman
c) Plato d) Both (a) and (b)
88. Political socialization is the process of induction into the political culture and the psychological
dimension of the
a) Socio economic system
b) Political system
c) Economic System
d) Social system
89. Who defines the political system as the “institutions, processes and interactions through which
values are authoritatively allocated in a society?
a) Almond b) Easton
c) Apter d) Pye
90. Who wrote the book “In Defence of politics?
a) Stephen Wasby b) Pareto
b) Mosca d) Bernard Crick
91. Who said that politics is concerned with the authoritative ‘allocation of values’ for a society?
a) B. Miller b) David Easton
c) Alan Ball d) Ernest Benn
92. Which of the following is one of the traditionally recognized organs of power in a state?
a) Legislature b) Executive
c) Judiciary d) All of the above
93. The ‘power theory’ finds its brilliant manifestation in the political philosophy of
a) Locke b) Hobbes
c) Mill d) Rousseau
94. Which of the following are not the basic of the authority of society?
a) Social customs b) Conventions
c) Laws d) Moral pressure
95. The subject that deals with man in relation to the State and Government is called
a) Economics b) History c) Political Science d) Psychology
96. ________________is the central subject of the study of political science.
a) Population b) State c) Behaviour d) Mass Communication
97. Who defines Political Science as that part of social science which treats the foundations of the
State and the principles of Government?
a) Prof.Harold Laski b) Lasswell c) Garner d) Paul Janet
98. Bluntschli restricted the scope of Political Science to
a) The study of government and politics
b) The study of State and Government
c) The study of Government
d) The study of State
99. Prof. Harold Laski emphasized the scope of Political Science to include the study of
a) State and sovereignty b) Government and politics
c) State and Government d) Government only
100. Who said that State comes into existence originating in the bare needs of life of man and
continuing in existence for the sake of good life?
a) Plato b) Socrates c) Aristotle d) Montesqueau
101. _______________is the most important agency of the State
a) Press b) Judiciary c) Sovereignty d) Government
102. The concept of ‘politics’ originated in ancient
a) Athens b) Sparta c) Greece d) Spain
103. Politics is a struggle for power on three levels
a) Society, state and family b) State, inter-state and intra-state
c) Family, society and political groups
d) Nation, state and districts
104. David Easton defined politics as authoritative allocation of
a) Power b) Influences c) Interests d) Values
105. A policy is authoritative when there __________to the authority
a) Willing compliance b) Forceful compliance
c) Resistance d) None of the above
106. The central idea of sovereignty is
a) Power b) Law c) Authority d) Legitimacy
107. Rule of Law is a concept that denotes a principle of governance requiring which of the
following conditions to be fulfilled?
a) Laws of the land should be properly notified so that the citizens known as to how it will
affect them.
b) Laws should be ‘general’ in form so that they are uniformly applicable to all the citizens
c) No law should be applicable with retrospective effect
d) All of the above
108. The main characteristics of a civil society are organization, interaction, communication and
a) Friendship b) Interdependence c) Solidarity d) Goodwill
109. Who among the following defined democracy as “the government of the people, for the
peop0le and by the people”?
a) Maclver b) Aristotle c) Abraham Lincoln d) Napoleon
110. Which of the following is not a method of democratic participation?
a) Voting b) Campaigning in the election
c) Contesting the election d) Listening the election speeches
111. The success of democracy depends upon
a) Popular education
b) Faith in certain fundamental democratic principles
c) Social equality d) All of the above
112. Who wrote the book Considerations on Representative Government?
a) Hobbes b) Locke c) Rousseau d) J.S. Mill
113. Which of the following is a permanent feature of a representative form of government?
a) Voting b) Decision-making c) Military force d) None of the above
114. Contribute towards the success of democracy?
a) Education b) Participation c) Political parties d) Overpopulation
115. Hobbes idea of civil society is the area where in the liberty of the subject lies in
a) The liberty to buy and sell and otherwise contract with one another
b) The liberty to choose their own abode
c) The liberty to choose their own trade of life
d) All of the above
116. According to the classical liberal theorists
a) State is a social agency b) State is a political agency
c) State is a neutral body d) State is an agent of economic upliftment
117. According to the liberal theory, the individual can find freedom by
a) Obedience to the State b) Voluntary choice of activities
c) Resistance to the authority d) Going against the law
118. Who said “Rights, in fact, are those conditions of social life without which no man seek, in
general to be his best”?
a) Maclver b) Laski c) Hegel d) Kant
119. T.H Green defines rights as
a) “A power of acting for one’s own ends…secured to an individual by the community
on the supposition that he contributes to the good of the community.”
b) “An interest recognized and protected by the rule of law…an interest the violation of
which would be a legal wrong and respect for which is a legal duty”
c) A right is a claim recognized by the society and enforced by the State
d) Both (b) and (c)
120. Which of the following statement is true?
a) No rights can be given to the man against the social interest
b) Grant of rights is not concerned with social interest
c) Rights can have anti-social character
d) None of the above
121. According to _________”Life is not merely living but living well”
a) St. Augustine b) Plato c) Aristotle d) Socrates
122. In the words of Laski
a) State is not known by the rights of the State
b) State is known to crate rights
c) State is known by moral rights
d) State is known by the rights it maintains
123. Pick out the incorrect statement
a) Every right is restricted by social interest
b) Rights are given to the individual living in a society
c) The basis for judging rights is their capacity for serving the individual and social
interest
d) All the above
124. The statement “Men are born and always continue free and equal in respect of their rights is
associated with
a) U.N Character of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.
b) French Declaration of Rights of Man, 1789
c) American Declaration of Rights
d) None of the above
125. According to ___________”A right is a claim recognized by society and enforced by the
State”
a) Barker b) Bosanquet
c) Hobbes d) Laski
126. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Rights?
a) The society gives recognition to only those rights which are for the welfare of the
society as a whole and which promote some common and moral good.
b) The state does not create rights though they exist within the state
c) Without society, there can be no rights
d) Rights are not universal i.,e they are privileges
127. Which of the following is correct?
a) My right is not your duty and your right is my duty
b) My right is your duty and your right is mu duty
c) Right and duties are not the two sides of the same coin
d) Every right does not have a corresponding obligation
128. Which of the following rights were considered important during middle ages?
a) Right of life
b) Right of education
c) Right of properly
d) And (c)
129. In the words of _________in his book Principles of social political Obligation, “Right are the
external conditions necessary for the greatest possible development for the greatest possible
development of the capacities of the personality”
a) Laski b) Barker
c) Bosanquet d) Lindsay
130. By fundamental rights we mean,
a) Right’s guaranteed by the constitution
b) Rights guaranteed by the monarch
c) Rights followed by duties
d) None of the above
131. Which of the following statements refers of Civil Rights?
a) These are the elementary conditions of good political life
b) These are the elementary conditions of good social life and with out them civilized life is
not possible
c) Civil Rights are those rights which are denied to the aliens
d) These are elementary conditions of good religious life
132. The political Rights granted by the state enable a citizen to
a) Participate in the administration of the state
b) Lead good religious life
c) Preach politics
d) Meddle in affairs of Government
133. Which of the following is not a Theory of Rights?
a) Legal theory of Rights
b) Historical theory of Rights
c) Divine Rights of King
d) Social welfare theory of rights,
134. _________is the earliest theory of rights
a) Liberal individualist theory of Natural Rights
b) Legal theory
c) Welfare theory
d) None of the above
135. Locke is the supporter of
a) Theory of Natural rights
b) Historical theory of rights
c) Legal theory of rights
d) None of the above
136. Which of the following statements is not associated with natural theory of rights?
a) Rights inherent in man
b) Rights are absolute
c) Rights are pre-civil and according to some political thinkers they are also pre-social
d) Rights are alienable
137. Who among the following supported the theory of Natural Rights ?
a) Locke
b) Hobbes
c) Thomas Paine
d) All the above
138. ___________believes that the one fundamental right of all men is the right to equal freedom,
according to which, every man is free to do that the will, provided he infringes not the equal
freedom of others
a) Herbert Spencer
b) John Locke
c) Hobbes
d) None of the above
139. According to _____________one’s natural rights are ones natural powers
a) John Locke
b) Hobbes
c) Mill
d) Thomas paine
140. Who among the following propounded the legal theory of rights?
a) Hobbes b) Locke
c) Ritche d) Roussau
141. In the opinion of Laski
a) Holds are created by the State
b) Rights are prior to the state
c) They are not recognized by the State
d) Both (a) and b)
142. Which of the following is an essential conditions for safeguarding rights of the individuals?
I. Decentralisation of authority
II. Existence of Consultative bodies
III. Existence of supreme court
IV. Non-interference by the state in the internal affairs of associations
a) Only I and II
b) Only II and III
c) Only II,III and IV
d) Only I,II and IV
143. A bill of Rights is
a) A declaration of fundamental rights
b) An economic terms
c) A business term
d) A constitutional term
144. Which of the following countries was the first to include a Bill of Rights?
a) America
b) India
c) Sweden
d) None of the above
145. ________is not a Civil Right
a) Right of life
b) Right to Liberty
c) Right to Education
d) Right to vote
146. Which one of the following is not a political right?
a) Right to public Office
b) Right to Petition
c) Right to Education
d) Right to contest Election
147. Which of the following is a Civil Right?
a) Right to freedom of speech and expression
b) Right to vote
c) Right to become a member of parliament
d) Right to Association
e) Right to contract
148. The right to elect Member of parliament is a
a) Political right
b) Social right
c) Religious right
d) Moral right
149. __________has granted the Fundamental rights to the citizens of India
a) Parliament
b) Constitution of India
c) A government of Order
d) A Special Law
150. ________was the first political thinker to advocate communism of property.
a) Marx b) Lenin
c) Plato d) Engels
151. According to ___________”Every man is tree to do that which he wills , provided he does not
infringe the equal freedom of any other man”.
a)Laski b) Spencer
c) J.S Mill d) Green
152. Who said , “By liberty is understood…absence of external impediments, which impediments
may often take part of man’s power to do what he would do”
a) Hobbes b) Laski
c) Mill d) Locke
153. Who among the following deemed liberty as living life to the fullest.
a) Macpherson
b) Hegel
c) Kant
d) Green
154. Who among the following philosophers considers liberty as Obedience to Law?
a) Hegel b) Kant
c) Spencer d) Green
155. The word liberty is derived from the word liber of
a) Greek language
b) French language
c) German language
d) Latin language
156. The word liber means
a) Licence b) Free
c) Restricted d) Obstruction
157. What is the literal meaning of liberty?
a) Absence of restraint
b) Restraint
c) Freedom with certain limitations
d) Positive freedom
158. Who said.” Liberty is the freedom of every individual to express, without external hindrance
to his personality?
a) Green b) G.D.H Cole
c) Kant d) Hegel
159. Which of the following is not a form of liberty?
a) Natural liberty
b) Civil liberty
c) Political Liberty
d) Economic liberty
e) None of the above
160. Natural liberty is generally identified with
a) Restricted freedom
b) Limited freedom
c) Unlimited and unrestricted freedom
d) None of the above
161. Natural liberty implies
a) Liberty enjoyed by man in the imaginary state of nature when civil society did not exist
b) The liberty which man enjoys in the society
c) The liberty which man enjoys in the state
d) Absence of any type of liberty
162. _________was the chief exponent of the concept of natural liberty
a) Rousseau b) Hobbes
c) Locke d) Austin
163. According to ___”Civil liberty consists of right and privileges which the State creates
and protects for its subjects.
a) Gettell b) Gilchrist
c) Laski d) Montesquieu
164. Which among the following is not civil liberty?
a) Right to equality before law.
b) Right to freedom of speech ad expression
c) Right to vote
d) Freedom of the person
165. Who among the following said “Liberty means to grow to one’s natural height to develop
one’s abilities?
a) Burns b) Gettell
c) Locke d) Rousseau
166. Who among the following said ‘Political liberty is the power to be active in the affairs of the
state’?
a) Hobbes b) Laski
c) Gilchrist d) Gettell
167. Laski holds that two conditions are essential to make political liberty real
a) Equality and property
b) Equal access to education, honest and free press
c) Civil liberty and Economic liberty
d) Religious and Civil liberty
168. ___________stated ‘Where there is no law, there is no freedom”,
a) Hobbes b) Rousseau
c) Laski d) Max Weber e) Locke
169. The positive view of liberty was first put forward by
a) Ideals thinkers like Kant, Hegel, Fichte
b) Idealist thinkers like Laski, Kant etc.
c) Classical thinkers like Adam Smith
d) Utilitarian thinkers like Bentham, Mill etc.
170. C.B Macpherson has discussed his view on liberty in his book
a) Grammar of politics
b) Democratic theory
c) On liberty
d) Concepts of liberty
171. Who among the following regards positive liberty as developmental liberty?
a) Laski b) Macpherson
c) Weber d) Maclver
172. ‘Freedom is a product of free society’ means
a) It is free society that man has the opportunity to develops his real self.
b) True freedom is conceivable with out a free society
c) Freedom from exploitation
d) None of the above
173. Which of the following philosophers said, “nature hath made men equal”?
a) Plato b) Hobbes
c) Aristotle d) Machiavelli
174.Who stated, equality implied equality of estimations , i.e all human beings were equal in their
ultimate value”.
a) Bryce b) Laski
c) Sartori d) Rousseau
175. Who among the following said: There can be no identity of treatment and identity of reward so
long as men differ in their needs and capacities?
a) Aristotle b) Hobbes
c) Laski d) Locke
176. Who stated: there cannot a liberty without rights because without rights men are the subject of
laws unrelated to the needs of personality?
a) Laski b) Aristotle
c) Barker d) Action
177. Who among the following stated. “We want to abolish classes and in this sense we are for
equality”
a) Marx b) Lenin
c) Engels d) Laski
178. The term justice is derived from latin word
a) Justicia
b) Justa
c) Justitia
d) None of the above
179. The concept of Greek justice was
a) Legal b) Moral
c) Social d) Political
180. Roman view of justice was based on the conception of Just gentium, i.e
a) Law of the people
b) Law of the God
c) Law of the King
d) Law of the Land
181. Rule of law is not followed in
a) Britain
b) United State of America
c) France
d) India
e) (b), (c) and (d)
182 Which of the following countries follows Administrative Law?
a) France
b) Britain
c) United State of America
d) India
183. The essential principle of modern justice is
a) Judges should be part of executive
b) There should be independence of judiciary
c) The judges should be under the control of the Head of the State
d) The judges should be under the control of the electorate
184. What is meant by social justice?
a) All should have the same political rights
b) All should have the same economic rights
c) All kinds of discrimination and privileges based on castes, colour, creed , sex, etc should
be eliminated
d) All should be granted the right to freedom of religion
185. What is meant by Economic justice
a) The state should follow the theory of free trade policy
b) State should not protect the economically weaker section of society
c) The state should eliminate social discrimination
d) The basic needs regarding food, clothing and shelter of every citizen are met.
186. Who among the following said, “In justice arises as much from treating unequals equally as
from treating equals unequally”?.
a) Aristotle b) Plato
c) Machiaveli d) Marx
187. The origin of democracy can be traced to
a) Ancient Greek city-states
b) Medieval Age
c) Feudalism
d) Ancient India
188. Who among the following was a great supporter of direct democracy?
a) Hobbies b) Rousseau
c) Locke d) Laski
189. Which of the following countries has a representative democracy?
a) Afghanistan
b) Saudi Arabia
c) India
d) Egypt
190. Who among the following, “Public opinion is the opinion held by the majority and passively
acquiesced in by the minority”?
a) G.D.H Cole
b) Lowell
c) Roucek
d) Morris Ginsburg
191. Public opinion plays a significant role in
a) Democracy
b) Monarchy
c) Military Rule
d) None of the above
192. Ina democracy, the government cares for the public opinion because
a) Public opinion is always right
b) Public opinion is very powerful
c) The people are the best judges of the government
d) None of the above
193. Which of the following is very harmful for the formation of a healthy public opinion?
a) Yellow Journalism
b) Journalism
c) Media
d) Radio
194. Which of the following acts as an obstacle in the formation of public opinion?
a) Newspapers
b) Over population
c) Free Press
d) Illiteracy
195. Which of the following contribute to the formation of the public opinion?
a) Press
b) Political Parties
c) Legislature
d) All the above
196. How can the press help in the formation of public opinion?
a) By spreading communal feelings
b) By publishing sensational news
c) By Publishing impartial and correct news and facts
d) By publishing partial news and facts
197. The political parties help the formation of the public opinion by
a) Asking the people to vote for them
b) Enlightening the people about the social, economic and political problems faced by the
country.
c) Instigating their selfish ends
198. The legislature also influence the public opinion by
a) Passing a laws to favour public opinion
b) Giving concession to certain sections of the society
c) Discussing the various burning problems faced by the people and the country threadbare
d) Passing a vote of no-confidence against the council of ministers
199. Which of the following statements is correct?
a) The Radio and television influence the public opinion through their entertainment
programmes
b) The Radio and Television influence the public opinion through their commercial
programme
c) The Radio and television influence the public opinion by disseminating the latest news and
views concerning the national and international happenings.
d) None of the above
200. Public platforms help a great deal in the formation of public opinion, because
a) The speakers can attract the audience by their oratory
b) The people get the opportunity to know the view of different speakers on the current
problems
c) The people can see their leaders
d) The speakers can advance the ideology of their parties
**************
Answer Key
1. b
2. b
3. c
4. c
5. b
6. d
7. d
8. b
9. d
10. d
11. d
12. c
13. d
14. d
15. a
16. a
17. a
18. c
19. a
20. b
21. b
22. d
23. d
24. c
25. d
26. b
27. c
28. c
29. a
30. a
31. d
32. c
33. d
34. b
35. a
36. d
37. c
38. c
39. a
40. d
41. d
42. c
43. d
44. a
45. a
46. d
47. c
48. d
49. a
50. c
51. b
52. c
53. b
54. c
55. b
56. d
57. b
58. a
59. c
60. b
61. c
62. d
63. d
64. d
65. d
66. a
67. c
68. a
69. b
70. c
71. a
72. b
73. c
74. a
75. d
76. c
77. a
78. c
79. d
80. c
81. b
82. b
83. d
84. b
85. b
86. d
87. d
88. b
89. b
90. d
91. b
92. c
93. d
94. d
95. c
96. b
97. d
98. d
99. c
100. c
101. d
102. c
103. b
104. d
105. a
106. b
107. d
108. c
109. c
110. d
111. d
112. d
113. a
114. d
115. d
116. b
117. b
118. b
119. a
120. a
121. c
122. d
123. d
124. b
125. b
126. d
127. b
128. d
129. b
130. a
131. b
132. a
133. c
134. a
135. a
136. d
137. a
138. a
139. b
140. a
141. b
142. d
143. a
144. c
145. d
146. c
147. a
148. a
149. b
150. c
151. b
152. a
153. a
154. a
155. d
156. b
157. a
158. b
159. e
160. a
161. c
162. a
163. a
164. c
165. a
166. b
167. b
168. e
169. a
170. b
171. b
172. a
173. b
174. a
175. c
176. c
177. b
178. c
179. b
180. a
181. c
182. a
183. b
184. c
185. d
186. a
187. a
188. a
189. c
190. b
191. a
192. c
193. a
194. d
195. d
196. b
197. c
198. b
199. c
200. c
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